An Improved Technique of Hybridization of PSO for the Optimal Coordination of Directional Overcurrent Protection Relays of IEEE Bus System

The use of a directional overcurrent protection relay (DOPR) to protect an electrical power system is crucial instrument for keeping the dynamic and avoiding undue interruption. coordination DOPR’s primary backup relays modelled as highly constrained optimization problem. goal determine ideal value that will reduce overall working time all relays. accomplished by particle swarm hybridization (HPSO). Comprehensive simulation experiments are carried out evaluate efficacy proposed HPSO employing multiplier setting (TMS) plug (PS) variable constant, respectively. has been examined satisfactorily utilizing certain IEEE benchmark test systems (9-bus 14-bus). outcomes contrasted with earlier heuristics evolutionary approaches. Based on acquired findings, it clear obtained results exceed other conventional state art procedures in terms total DOPR operation computing necessary achieve global optimal solution.